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typical column bases - translation to russian
FAMILY OF BIRDS
Typical Greenbul; Typical greenbul
typical column bases
строительное дело
типовые базы колонн
typical column bases
типовые базы колонн
pillar
![Waterloo]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Monument Gordon 02.JPG?width=200 "Waterloo]].")
![Persia (Iran)]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Persepolis Colonne flandin.jpg?width=200 "Persia (Iran)]]")
![Parliament House]] in [[Helsinki]], [[Finland]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Riskdagen Eduskunta Helsingfors (2).jpg?width=200 "Parliament House]] in [[Helsinki]], [[Finland]]")
![A granite structure column by Hilma Flodin-Rissanen in [[Vyborg]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yksityiskohta.jpg?width=200 "A granite structure column by Hilma Flodin-Rissanen in [[Vyborg]]")
![Dragon pillar from the ''[[Yingzao Fashi]]'', [[Song dynasty]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/營造法式六 20.jpg?width=200 "Dragon pillar from the ''[[Yingzao Fashi]]'', [[Song dynasty]]")
![Illustration of papyriform capitals, in ''[[The Grammar of Ornament]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The grammar of ornament (1868) (14587326250).jpg?width=200 "Illustration of papyriform capitals, in ''[[The Grammar of Ornament]]''")
![Illustration of various types of capitals, drawn by the egyptologist [[Karl Richard Lepsius]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lepsius-Projekt tw 1-2-108.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of various types of capitals, drawn by the egyptologist [[Karl Richard Lepsius]]")
![Columns with [[Hathor]]ic capitals](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mammisi Philae2.JPG?width=200 "Columns with [[Hathor]]ic capitals")
![Papyriform columns of the [[Luxor Temple]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The double row of columns with papyrus bundle capitals - The Court of Amonhotep III - Luxor Temple (14075179947).jpg?width=200 "Papyriform columns of the [[Luxor Temple]]")
![Minoan columns at the West Bastion of the Palace of [[Knossos]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Knossos 03.JPG?width=200 "Minoan columns at the West Bastion of the Palace of [[Knossos]]")
![Illustration of the end of a Mycenaean column, from the [[Tomb of Agamemnon]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EB1911 Capital Fig. 5 Early Greek Capital from the Tomb of Agamemnon, Mycenae.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of the end of a Mycenaean column, from the [[Tomb of Agamemnon]]")
![Illustration of the [[Tuscan order]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fotothek df tg 0001022 Architektur ^ Säule ^ dorische Ordnung ^ Brücke.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of the [[Tuscan order]]")
![Illustration of the [[Doric order]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DoricParthenon.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of the [[Doric order]]")
![Illustration of the [[Ionic order]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ionic order J.L.Leroy.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of the [[Ionic order]]")
![Evolution of the [[Corinthian order]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Evolution of the Corinthian Capital 138.jpg?width=200 "Evolution of the [[Corinthian order]]")
![Illustration of the [[Composite order]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fotothek df tg 0001039 Architektur ^ Säule ^ komposite Ordnung.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of the [[Composite order]]")
![Praying Woman between two ionic columns, 2nd century, marble, in the [[Louvre]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Femme en priere entre deux colonnes ioniques - Louvre.jpg?width=200 "Praying Woman between two ionic columns, 2nd century, marble, in the [[Louvre]]")
![Byzantine columns from [[Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo]] ([[Ravenna]], Italy)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SantApollinare Nuovo Pulpito marmoreo.jpg?width=200 "Byzantine columns from [[Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo]] ([[Ravenna]], Italy)")
![The capital of a Byzantine column from [[Hagia Sophia]] ([[Istanbul]], Turkey)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hagia_Sophia_(15468276434).jpg?width=200 "The capital of a Byzantine column from [[Hagia Sophia]] ([[Istanbul]], Turkey)")
![Gothic columns of a church from [[Neuwiller-lès-Saverne]] (France)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Neuwiller StPierre-Paul 117.JPG?width=200 "Gothic columns of a church from [[Neuwiller-lès-Saverne]] (France)")
![Marienkirche (Gelnhausen)}} ([[Gelnhausen]], Germany)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gelnhausen, Marienkirche, Südportal-20160804-007.jpg?width=200 "Marienkirche (Gelnhausen)}} ([[Gelnhausen]], Germany)")
![Column use is common in [[Ottoman architecture]], an example in [[Topkapı Palace]] ([[Istanbul]], Turkey)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/20131204_Istanbul_085.jpg?width=200 "Column use is common in [[Ottoman architecture]], an example in [[Topkapı Palace]] ([[Istanbul]], Turkey)")
![The [[Great Hypostyle Hall]] from [[Karnak]] (Egypt)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Great Hypostyle Hall.jpg?width=200 "The [[Great Hypostyle Hall]] from [[Karnak]] (Egypt)")
![Temple of Apollo in Delphi]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Columns of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, Greece.jpeg?width=200 "Temple of Apollo in Delphi]]")
![St. Peter's Church]] ([[Mainz]], Germany)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rocaille detail in a column - St. Peter - Mainz - Germany 2017.jpg?width=200 "St. Peter's Church]] ([[Mainz]], Germany)")
![Bernini's Baldachin]], inspired by the original columns.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Solomonic columns at St Peters Vatican (cropped).jpg?width=200 "Bernini's Baldachin]], inspired by the original columns.")
![capital]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Colonne-p1040009.jpg?width=200 "capital]]")
![Tuscan columns can be seen at the [[University of Virginia]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Western colonnade at courtyard, UVa 2004.jpg?width=200 "Tuscan columns can be seen at the [[University of Virginia]]")
![Church of [[San Prospero]] ([[Reggio Emilia]], [[Italy]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/San prospero colonne reggio emilia.jpg?width=200 "Church of [[San Prospero]] ([[Reggio Emilia]], [[Italy]])")
![Construction of [[Sigismund's Column]] in [[Warsaw]], detail of the 1646 engraving.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Construction of Sigismund Column.JPG?width=200 "Construction of [[Sigismund's Column]] in [[Warsaw]], detail of the 1646 engraving.")
![Corinthian]] style, at the [[Temple of Bel]] (Syria)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Columns in the inner court of the Bel Temple Palmyra Syria.JPG?width=200 "Corinthian]] style, at the [[Temple of Bel]] (Syria)")
![The pillars of [[Bankstown Reservoir]] ([[Sydney]], Australia)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bankstownreservoir.jpg?width=200 "The pillars of [[Bankstown Reservoir]] ([[Sydney]], Australia)")
![Roman]] columns and capitals in the [[Great Mosque of Kairouan]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MosqueeKairouan 6bis.jpg?width=200 "Roman]] columns and capitals in the [[Great Mosque of Kairouan]]")
![Engaged columns embedded in the side walls of the [[cella]] of the [[Maison Carrée]] in [[Nîmes]] (France)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/France-002353 - Square House (15866951852).jpg?width=200 "Engaged columns embedded in the side walls of the [[cella]] of the [[Maison Carrée]] in [[Nîmes]] (France)")
STRUCTURAL ELEMENT SUSTAINING THE WEIGHT OF A BUILDING
Columns; Base (architecture); Pillars; Collumn; Structural column; Architectural Columns; Column (architecture); Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/Coloumn; Column drum; Y-column; Y-shaped column; Pillar; Pillar (architecture)
1) столб
2) стойка
3) пиллерс
Definition
column
(columns)
Frequency: The word is one of the 3000 most common words in English.
1.
A column is a tall, often decorated cylinder of stone which is built to honour someone or forms part of a building.
...a London landmark, Nelson's Column in Trafalgar Square.
= pillar
N-COUNT
2.
A column is something that has a tall narrow shape.
The explosion sent a column of smoke thousands of feet into the air.
N-COUNT: usu N of n
3.
A column is a group of people or animals which moves in a long line.
There were reports of columns of military vehicles appearing on the streets.
N-COUNT: usu N of n
4.
On a printed page such as a page of a dictionary, newspaper, or printed chart, a column is one of two or more vertical sections which are read downwards.
We had stupidly been looking at the wrong column of figures...
N-COUNT
5.
In a newspaper or magazine, a column is a section that is always written by the same person or is always about the same topic.
She also writes a regular column for the Times Educational Supplement.
N-COUNT: usu supp N
6.
Wikipedia
Greenbul
The greenbuls are a group of birds within the bulbul family Pycnonotidae, found only within Africa. They are all largely drab olive-green above, and paler below, with few distinguishing features.
The "aberrant greenbuls" of the genera Bernieria and Xanthomixis are actually Malagasy warblers. To recognize this, they are also called bernieria and tetrakas rather than greenbuls. Likewise, the golden greenbul is not a typical greenbul, but apparently the representative of a distinct and ancient lineage of bulbuls, which might include the black-collared bulbul. A few species within some of the genera in this group are called brownbuls or leafloves.
- Genus Phyllastrephus
- Grey-olive greenbul (Phyllastrephus cerviniventris)
- Pale-olive greenbul (Phyllastrephus fulviventris)
- Baumann's olive greenbul (Phyllastrephus baumanni)
- Toro olive greenbul (Phyllastrephus hypochloris)
- Sassi's olive greenbul (Phyllastrephus lorenzi)
- Fischer's greenbul (Phyllastrephus fischeri)
- Cabanis's greenbul (Phyllastrephus cabanisi)
- Placid greenbul (Phyllastrephus placidus)
- Cameroon olive greenbul (Phyllastrephus poensis)
- Icterine greenbul (Phyllastrephus icterinus)
- Xavier's greenbul (Phyllastrephus xavieri)
- White-throated greenbul (Phyllastrephus albigularis)
- Yellow-streaked greenbul (Phyllastrephus flavostriatus)
- Sharpe's greenbul (Phyllastrephus alfredi)
- Grey-headed greenbul (Phyllastrephus poliocephalus)
- Lowland tiny greenbul (Phyllastrephus debilis)
- Montane tiny greenbul (Phyllastrephus albigula)
- Genus Arizelocichla
- Shelley's greenbul (Arizelocichla masukuensis)
- Kakamega greenbul (Arizelocichla kakamegae)
- Cameroon greenbul (Arizelocichla montana)
- Western greenbul (Arizelocichla tephrolaema)
- Olive-breasted greenbul (Arizelocichla kikuyuensis)
- Mountain greenbul (Arizelocichla nigriceps)
- Uluguru greenbul (Arizelocichla neumanni)
- Black-browed greenbul (Arizelocichla fusciceps)
- Yellow-throated greenbul (Arizelocichla chlorigula)
- Stripe-cheeked greenbul (Arizelocichla milanjensis)
- Olive-headed greenbul (Arizelocichla olivaceiceps)
- Stripe-faced greenbul (Arizelocichla striifacies)
- Genus Eurillas
- Little greenbul (Eurillas virens)
- Little grey greenbul (Eurillas gracilis)
- Ansorge's greenbul (Eurillas ansorgei)
- Plain greenbul (Eurillas curvirostris)
- Yellow-whiskered greenbul (Eurillas latirostris)
- Genus Stelgidillas
- Slender-billed greenbul (Stelgidillas gracilirostris)
- Genus Andropadus
- Sombre greenbul (Andropadus importunus)
- Genus Criniger
- Western bearded greenbul (Criniger barbatus)
- Eastern bearded greenbul (Criniger chloronotus)
- Red-tailed greenbul (Criniger calurus)
- White-bearded greenbul (Criniger ndussumensis)
- Yellow-bearded greenbul (Criniger olivaceus)
- Genus Thescelocichla
- Swamp palm bulbul (Thescelocichla leucopleura)
- Genus Chlorocichla
- Joyful greenbul (Chlorocichla laetissima)
- Prigogine's greenbul (Chlorocichla prigoginei)
- Yellow-bellied greenbul (Chlorocichla flaviventris)
- Falkenstein's greenbul (Chlorocichla falkensteini)
- Simple greenbul (Chlorocichla simplex)
- Genus Ixonotus - tentatively placed here
- Spotted greenbul (Ixonotus guttatus)
- Genus Baeopogon
- Honeyguide greenbul (Baeopogon indicator)
- Sjöstedt's greenbul (Baeopogon clamans)
- Genus Calyptocichla - not a typical bulbul
- Golden greenbul (Calyptocichla serinus)
